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地理瓦片网格聚合

地理瓦片网格聚合将文档分组到网格单元中，以便进行地理分析。每个网格单元对应一个地图瓦片，并使用{zoom}/{x}/{y}格式标识。您可以使用地理瓦片网格聚合在地理点或地理形状字段上聚合文档。一个显著的区别是，地理点只存在于一个桶中，而地理形状在其相交的所有地理瓦片网格单元中都会被计数。

精度

precision 参数控制确定网格单元大小的粒度级别。精度越低，网格单元越大。

以下示例说明了低精度和高精度的聚合请求。

首先，创建一个索引并将 location 字段映射为 geo_point

PUT national_parks
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "location": {
        "type": "geo_point"
      }
    }
  }
}

将以下文档索引到示例索引中

PUT national_parks/_doc/1
{
  "name": "Yellowstone National Park",
  "location": "44.42, -110.59" 
}


PUT national_parks/_doc/2
{
  "name": "Yosemite National Park",
  "location": "37.87, -119.53" 
}


PUT national_parks/_doc/3
{
  "name": "Death Valley National Park",
  "location": "36.53, -116.93" 
}

您可以以多种格式索引地理点。有关所有支持格式的列表，请参阅地理点文档。

低精度请求

运行一个低精度请求，将所有三个文档归入一个桶中

GET national_parks/_search
{
  "aggregations": {
    "grouped": {
      "geotile_grid": {
        "field": "location",
        "precision": 1
      }
    }
  }
}

您可以对地理瓦片网格聚合查询使用 GET 或 POST HTTP 方法。

响应将所有文档归为一组，因为它们足够接近，可以归入一个网格单元中

响应 
{
  "took": 51,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 1,
    "successful": 1,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": {
      "value": 3,
      "relation": "eq"
    },
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "national_parks",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Yellowstone National Park",
          "location": "44.42, -110.59"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "national_parks",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Yosemite National Park",
          "location": "37.87, -119.53"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "national_parks",
        "_id": "3",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Death Valley National Park",
          "location": "36.53, -116.93"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "aggregations": {
    "grouped": {
      "buckets": [
        {
          "key": "1/0/0",
          "doc_count": 3
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

高精度请求

现在运行一个高精度请求

GET national_parks/_search
{
  "aggregations": {
    "grouped": {
      "geotile_grid": {
        "field": "location",
        "precision": 6
      }
    }
  }
}

由于粒度更高，所有三个文档被分别归入不同的桶中

响应 
{
  "took": 15,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 1,
    "successful": 1,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": {
      "value": 3,
      "relation": "eq"
    },
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "national_parks",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Yellowstone National Park",
          "location": "44.42, -110.59"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "national_parks",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Yosemite National Park",
          "location": "37.87, -119.53"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "national_parks",
        "_id": "3",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Death Valley National Park",
          "location": "36.53, -116.93"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "aggregations": {
    "grouped": {
      "buckets": [
        {
          "key": "6/12/23",
          "doc_count": 1
        },
        {
          "key": "6/11/25",
          "doc_count": 1
        },
        {
          "key": "6/10/24",
          "doc_count": 1
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

您还可以通过在 bounds 参数中提供边界包络的坐标来限制地理区域。bounds 和 geo_bounding_box 坐标都可以使用任何地理点格式指定。以下查询为 bounds 参数使用熟知文本 (WKT) “POINT(longitude latitude)” 格式

GET national_parks/_search
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggregations": {
    "grouped": {
      "geotile_grid": {
        "field": "location",
        "precision": 6,
        "bounds": {
            "top_left": "POINT (-120 38)",
            "bottom_right": "POINT (-116 36)"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

响应只包含在指定边界内的两个结果

响应 
{
  "took": 48,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 1,
    "successful": 1,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": {
      "value": 3,
      "relation": "eq"
    },
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "national_parks",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Yellowstone National Park",
          "location": "44.42, -110.59"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "national_parks",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Yosemite National Park",
          "location": "37.87, -119.53"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "national_parks",
        "_id": "3",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Death Valley National Park",
          "location": "36.53, -116.93"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "aggregations": {
    "grouped": {
      "buckets": [
        {
          "key": "6/11/25",
          "doc_count": 1
        },
        {
          "key": "6/10/24",
          "doc_count": 1
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

bounds 参数可以与 geo_bounding_box 过滤器一起使用或单独使用；这两个参数是独立的，并且可以彼此具有任何空间关系。

聚合地理形状

要在地理形状字段上运行聚合，首先创建一个索引并将 location 字段映射为 geo_shape

PUT national_parks
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "location": {
        "type": "geo_shape"
      }
    }
  }
}

接下来，将一些文档索引到 national_parks 索引中

PUT national_parks/_doc/1
{
  "name": "Yellowstone National Park",
  "location":
  {"type": "envelope","coordinates": [ [-111.15, 45.12], [-109.83, 44.12] ]}
}


PUT national_parks/_doc/2
{
  "name": "Yosemite National Park",
  "location": 
  {"type": "envelope","coordinates": [ [-120.23, 38.16], [-119.05, 37.45] ]}
}


PUT national_parks/_doc/3
{
  "name": "Death Valley National Park",
  "location": 
  {"type": "envelope","coordinates": [ [-117.34, 37.01], [-116.38, 36.25] ]}
}

您可以按如下方式在 location 字段上运行聚合

GET national_parks/_search
{
  "aggregations": {
    "grouped": {
      "geotile_grid": {
        "field": "location",
        "precision": 6
      }
    }
  }
}

聚合地理形状时，一个地理形状可以被多个桶计数，因为它与多个网格单元重叠

响应 
{
  "took" : 3,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 3,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "national_parks",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "Yellowstone National Park",
          "location" : {
            "type" : "envelope",
            "coordinates" : [
              [
                -111.15,
                45.12
              ],
              [
                -109.83,
                44.12
              ]
            ]
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "national_parks",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "Yosemite National Park",
          "location" : {
            "type" : "envelope",
            "coordinates" : [
              [
                -120.23,
                38.16
              ],
              [
                -119.05,
                37.45
              ]
            ]
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "national_parks",
        "_id" : "3",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "Death Valley National Park",
          "location" : {
            "type" : "envelope",
            "coordinates" : [
              [
                -117.34,
                37.01
              ],
              [
                -116.38,
                36.25
              ]
            ]
          }
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "aggregations" : {
    "grouped" : {
      "buckets" : [
        {
          "key" : "6/12/23",
          "doc_count" : 1
        },
        {
          "key" : "6/12/22",
          "doc_count" : 1
        },
        {
          "key" : "6/11/25",
          "doc_count" : 1
        },
        {
          "key" : "6/11/24",
          "doc_count" : 1
        },
        {
          "key" : "6/10/24",
          "doc_count" : 1
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

目前，OpenSearch 通过 API 支持地理形状聚合，但在 OpenSearch Dashboards 可视化中不支持。如果您希望看到地理形状聚合在可视化中实现，请为相关的 GitHub issue 点赞。

支持的参数

地理瓦片网格聚合请求支持以下参数。

参数 数据类型 描述
field（字段） 字符串 包含地理点的字段。此字段必须映射为 geo_point 字段。如果字段包含数组，则所有数组值都将被聚合。必填。
precision（精度） 整数 用于确定结果分桶的网格单元的粒度级别。单元格不能超过所需精度指定的尺寸（对角线）。有效值范围为 [0, 29]。可选。默认值为 7。
bounds（边界） 对象 用于过滤地理点的边界框。边界框由左上角和右下角顶点定义。顶点以以下格式之一指定为地理点
- 包含纬度和经度的对象
- 以 [longitude（经度）, latitude（纬度）] 格式的数组
- 以“latitude（纬度）,longitude（经度）”格式的字符串
- Geohash
- WKT
有关格式示例，请参阅地理点格式。可选。
size（大小） 整数 返回的最大桶数。当桶数超过size时，OpenSearch 返回包含更多文档的桶。可选。默认值为 10,000。
shard_size（分片大小） 整数 每个分片返回的最大桶数。可选。默认值为 max (10, size · 分片数量)，这提供了更优先桶的更准确计数。
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